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Table of Contents v

(15) — Conceptual Skills (15) — The Importance of Setting Objectives (16) — Functions of Objectives (16) —
Objectives Provide Direction (17) — Objectives Serve as Standards (17) — Objectives Serve as Motivators (17) —
Examples of Objectives (17) — Corporate Culture (17) — Leadership (19) — Summary of Learning Goals (19) —
Questions for Review and Discussion (21)

Chapter 13 Production and Operatrions Management
Chapter Overview (2) — Mass Production and the Assembly Line (2) — Specialization (2) — Mechanization (3) —
Standardization (3) — Assembly Lines (4) — Classifying Production Processes (5) — Automating the Production
Process (5) — Robots (6) — Computers (8) — Computer-Aided Design (8) — Computer-Aided Manufacturing (9) —
Flexible Manufacturing Systems (9) — Computer Simulation (10) — The Tasks of Production Managers (10) —
Planning the Production Process (10) — Product Planning (11) — Facility Location (11) — What Constitutes a Good
Location? (12) — Proximity to Raw Materials (12) — Proximity to Markets (12) — Availability of Personnel (13) —
Transportation (14) — Energy (14) — Taxes (14) — Environmental Impact (15) — Community Living Conditions (15)
— Choosing a Site (15) — industrial park (15) — Layout of Production Facilities (15) — process layout (15) — product
layout (15) — fixed-position layout (15) — customer-oriented layout (16) — Implementing the Production Plan (16) —
The Make, Buy, or Lease Decision (16) — Purchasing Decisions (17) — Selecting the Right Supplier (17) — Improving
Buyer-Seller Relationships (17) — Inventory Control (18) — Just-in-Time Inventory System (18) — Materials
Requirement Planning (19) — Materials requirement planning (MRP) (19) — Manufacturing Resource Planning II
(20) — Control of the Production Process (20) — The Five Steps in Production Control (21) — Production Planning
(21) — Routing (21) — Scheduling (22) — Dispatching (23) — Follow-up (23) — The Quest for Quality (23) — Quality
control (23) — Quality Circles (24) — Production and Pollution (25) — Antipollution Regulations (26) — Waste-
Reduction Methods (26) — Summary of Learning Goals (27) — Questions for Review and Discussion (28)

Chapter 14 Human Relations
Chapter Overview (2) — The Scientific Management Movement (2) — The Human Relations Movement (3) — How
Needs Motivate People (4) — The Needs Hierarchy (4) — Physiological Needs (4) — Safety Needs (4) — Social Needs
(4) — Esteem Needs (4) — Self-Actualization Needs (5) — Applying the Needs Concept (5) — Evaluating Theory X (6)
— Theory Y as a Replacement for Theory X (7) — Use of Participative Management in Theory Z (7) — Maintenance
versus Motivational Factors (8) — The Three Rs of Employee Motivation (9) — What Factors Influence Employee
Morale? (10) — Management by Objectives – Future Planning (11) — Steps in an MBO Program (11) — Benefits of
an MBO Program (12) — Overcoming Potential Problems with MBO (12) — MBO Research (13) — Improving the
Quality of Work Life (13) — Job Enrichment (14) — How Jobs Can Be Enriched (14) — Is Job Enrichment for
Everyone? (14) — Flexible Work Schedules (15) — Core Hours and Fringe Hours (15) — Strengths and Weaknesses
of the Flextime Concept (15) — Other Forms of Flexible Work Schedules (15) — Summary of Learning Goals (17) —
Questions for Review and Discussion (18)

Chapter 15 Organized Labor
Chapter Overview (2) — Why Are Labor Unions Needed? (2) — The History of U.S. Labor Unions (3) — American
Federation of Labor (AFL) — Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) (4) — Local, National, and International
Unions (4) — Labor Legislation (5) — The Norris-La Guardia Act (5) — The Wagner Act (5) — The Fair labor
Standards Act (6) — The Taft-Hartley Act (7) Union Security Provisions (8) — open shop (8) — agency shop (8) —
union shop (8) — closed shop (8) — Other Unfair Union Practices (9) — The Landrum-Griffin Act (9) — The
Plant-Closing Notification Act (10)— The Collective Bargaining Process (10) — Bargaining Patterns (10) — The
Bargaining Zone (10) — The Union Contract (11) — COLAs and Givebacks (11) — Settling Union-Management
Disputes (13) — Mediation (13) — Arbitration (13) — Grievance Procedures (14) — Weapons of Unions and
Management (14) — Union Weapons (14) — Picketing (14) — Management Weapons (15) — Labor-Management
Relations in Nonunionized Organizations (17) — Handling Employee Grievances in Nonunion Firms (17) — Job Security in
Nonunion Companies (18) — Employee Ownership of Companies (19) — The Future of Organized Labor (20) — A
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