Page 14 - Calculating Agriculture Cover 20191124 STUDENT - A

1-4 Numbers and Fundamental Arithmetic CH 1]

Example B: 49 ÷ 7 x 2 + 1 = ?
 There are no Parentheses.
 There are no Exponents.
Order of  We start with the Multiplication and Division, working from left to right. NOTE: Even
Operations:
PEMDAS though Multiplication comes before Division in PEMDAS, the two are done in the
same step, from left to right. Addition and Subtraction are also done in the same
1. Parentheses. step.
2. Exponents and  49 ÷ 7 = 7, leaving us with 7 x 2 + 1 = ?
Roots √
 7 x 2 = 14, leaving us with 14 + 1 = ?
3. Multiplication and  Then complete the Addition as indicated: 14 + 1 = 15
Division (from left to
right)
Step by Step:
4. Addition and 49 ÷ 7 x 2 + 1 =
Subtraction (from
left to right) (49 ÷ 7) x 2 + 1 = Left to right, Division first
(7) x 2 + 1 =
7 x 2 + 1 = Left to right, multiplication is next
14 + 1 = 15 Left to right, multiplication, then addition

Exponent: a Note that if we'd done the multiplication before the division, we'd have ended up with the
quantity wrong answer. Arithmetic solutions require left to right solutions, which in this problem
representing the commands division before multiplication, then followed by the addition.
power to which a
given number or Example C: 7 + (6 – 3) x 4 ÷ 6 – 1 = ?
2
expression is to be
raised, usually Just a bit more complex, so follow the rules. Note that this is just arithmetic and follow
expressed as a PEMDAS
raised symbol
beside the number
or expression (e.g.  Start with the Parentheses: 6 – 3 = 3. (Even though subtraction is usually done in
3
3 in 2 = 2 × 2 × 2). the last step, because it's in parentheses, we do this first.) That leaves:
2
7 + 3 x 4 ÷ 6 – 1 = ?
2
 Then Exponents: 3 = 9. We now have 7 + 9  4 ÷ 6 – 1= ?
 Then Multiplication and Division, starting from the left: 9 x 4 = 36, leaving us with
7 + 36 ÷ 6 – 1 = ?
 Then moving to the right: 36 ÷ 6 = 6, making the problem 7 + 6 − 1 = ?
 Then Addition and Subtraction, starting from the left: 7 + 6 = 13, leaving 13 − 1 = ?
 Finally, moving to the right: 13 − 1 = 12

Step by Step:
2
7 + (6 – 3) x 4 ÷ 6 – 1 = Parenthesis first ( 6—3 )
2
7 + (3) x 4 ÷ 6 – 1 = Square the 3 value
7 + (9) x 4 ÷ 6 – 1 =
7 + (9 x 4) ÷ 6 – 1 = Multiplication of 9 x 4
7 + (36) ÷ 6 – 1 =
7 + (36 ÷ 6) – 1 = Division of 36 by 6
7 + (6) – 1 =
7 + 6 – 1 = Addition left to right
13 – 1 = 12 Subtraction left to right

Copyrighted Material